A Fifth Year for Teacher Training at the UIB: Luxury or Necessity for Mallorca?

Fresh breeze on the Plaça d’Espanya — and an old question

On a windy morning in Palma, while the espresso on the Plaça d’Espanya still steams and the street sweepers push leaves into the corners, children with colorful schoolbags walk down the steps. The new debate at the UIB sounds promising: extending teacher training for preschool and primary education to five years. More practice, more supervision, modules on AI, inclusion and sustainability. The idea appeals to me — but it also raises a simple, hard question:

Main question: Does a fifth year really make schools in Mallorca better or does it merely postpone the problems?

At first glance the answer is familiarly optimistic: more preparation time = better teachers. But education on an island is not a campus-theoretical experiment. Here two logics collide: academic curricula and the day-to-day reality of schools in Cala d’Or, Llucmajor or the villages of the Serra de Tramuntana.

Mentors — who will fill the gaps?

More and longer placements require local supervision. That may sound trivial at first, but it is central: if a school's permanent staff is thin, who will still have time to mentor students? Colleagues are already overloaded with lessons, meetings, parent communication and paperwork. Without additional positions or compensation, the fifth year risks becoming a mere administrative extension.

Less highlighted point: Mentors need not only time but also training and recognition — supervision costs energy. Observing one hour of teaching often means two hours the next day for reflection, feedback and grading.

The money question: Who pays for the fifth year — and who is left out?

Students fear extra costs and a later start to their careers. At the same time the university incurs expenses: examinations, additional teaching capacity, coordination. On Mallorca the model could have a socially selective effect: young people from stable backgrounds or with savings manage the fifth year more easily. Those from a family in a remote village or who depend on summer jobs face greater difficulty.

Concrete funding proposals are therefore essential: paid practical phases, targeted scholarships for students from disadvantaged areas of the island, fees for mentors and a clear distribution of costs between the UIB, the Balearic government and possible EU funds. Without such measures there is a risk that the reform will only strengthen the privileged.

Teacher shortages, housing costs and seasonality — the big problem remains

Even the best training does not automatically solve teacher shortages. Many young teachers leave Mallorca because rents rise, contracts are temporary or there is a lack of prospects. In the morning you see the small school buses that bring teachers to remote locations — but if work is poorly paid or housing unaffordable, long-term specialists will be missing.

One point that rarely takes the spotlight: seasonal staff movements due to tourism. In summer part-time staff are absent, in winter classes are smaller — this complicates staffing planning and increases the burden on permanent teachers.

A pragmatic model instead of a blanket rush

Instead of switching nationwide immediately, the UIB should pilot the change. Proposal in three steps:

1. Pilot regions on Mallorca: Start where universities and schools already have networks — Palma, Llucmajor and selected mountain villages as a contrast. Accompanying evaluation with clear metrics (teaching quality, retention rate, mentor satisfaction).

2. Financial security: Paid practical phases, mentor fees, scholarships for students from disadvantaged municipalities and a fund for housing subsidies in the first years of employment.

3. Regional staffing strategy: Incentives for working in rural schools (bonus system, housing subsidies, compulsory placements with bonus commitments) and better contracts so no one gives up in frustration after two years.

What matters now — and why November is important

The UIB has set the right impulse. Whether the project works on Mallorca, however, depends on pragmatic implementation: clear financial plans, pilot projects and close coordination with regional education authorities. There is time until the decision in November to answer these open questions.

If the island government, the university and the schools plan together — with paid practical phases, fees for mentors and concrete housing subsidies — the fifth year can be more than a bureaucratic add-on. Without these elements it remains a pleasant promise that fades in island daily life like the wind on the Plaça d’Espanya.

Conclusion: More study can bring quality. But on Mallorca education policy must also be island policy: practical, funded and networked. Otherwise the only thing that gets longer in the end is the wait for real improvements.